Slide 6 of 24

In 1990, the Clean Air Amendments brought increasing regulatory attention to industrial sewer networks as a source of hazardous air pollutants. However, as mid to large sized refineries may have thousands of openings, monitoring to quantify emissions was not feasible. Thus, VOC emissions need to be determined by modeling. Previous methods of estimating VOC emissions include emissions factors (AP-42) and mathematical models, both of which tend to be conservative (i.e. overestimate emissions).